淺談「糖尿病」 Know more about Diabetes
糖尿病係指身體由於缺乏胰島素，或出現抗胰島素現象，而導致體內嘅葡萄糖唔能夠被有效運用，結果令身體嘅血糖長期處於高水平。資料顯示，現時香港約有七十幾萬名糖尿病患者，亦即每十個人就有一人患有糖尿病。而且亦有唔少係無被診斷出來嘅「隱形病人」。
Diabetes refers to the deficiency in insulin in the body or the insensitivity of the body to insulin. As a result, glucose in blood cannot be effectively utilized, leading to high blood glucose level. It is found that there are about 700,000 diabetic patients in Hong Kong, which is one-tenth of the population. Moreover, there are a number of “invisible patients” who have diabetes but not diagnosed.
高危因素 Risk Factors
糖尿病嘅高危因素包括家族遺傳、肥胖、缺乏運動以及年齡增長。另外，其他內分泌疾病以及如類固醇等藥物都會誘發糖尿病。
Risk factors for diabetes include familial inheritance, obesity, lack of exercise, and age. In addition, other endocrine diseases and drug, such as steroids, can also increase the risk of diabetes.
症狀
Symptoms
糖尿病一般無明顯症狀。但隨著病情進展，患者有可能出現多尿、口渴、疲倦、肥胖但體重無故減輕、易受感染、傷口難以癒合等症狀。由於糖尿病無任何明顯病徵，所以最佳嘅方法係定期作身體檢查，量度血糖。
Diabetes is generally asymptomatic at early stage. However, as it progresses, patients may experience symptoms such as polyuria, thirst, fatigue, obesity, weight loss, infection and delayed wound healing. As diabetes is not associated with any specific symptoms at early stage, it is important to have regular body check and measurements of blood glucose.
併發症 Complications
如唔能夠及早察覺，令糖尿病得唔到適時治理，身體器官就會逐漸受損，出現併發症，包括視力衰退、心臟病、中風、腎衰竭、傷口感染、神經破壞以及足部潰瘍等。
If diabetes is not treated properly and timely, it will gradually damage the organs leading to complications including vision loss, heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, wound infection, nerve damage and foot ulcers.
預防方法 Prevention
要預防糖尿病，就要好好控制血糖水平。健康嘅飲食習慣，包括多食蔬菜、少食高熱量、高脂肪、高糖份的嘅食物以及勤做運動都對控制血糖大有幫助。
To prevent diabetes, blood glucose level must be strictly controlled. Maintaining a healthy diet, which includes consuming more vegetables, less calories, less high-fat and high-sugar foods and exercising regularly are all helpful in controlling blood sugar.
屈臣氏藥劑師團隊
Watsons Pharmacy Team
